L'origine historique de la mondialisation

Globalisation

Definition

— Globalization (or globalisation) describes an ongoing process by which regional economies, societies, and cultures have become integrated through a globe-spanning network of exchange.

— However, globalization is usually recognized as being driven by a combination of economic, technological, sociocultural, political, and biological factors.

— The term can also refer to the transnational dissemination of ideas, languages, or popular culture.

ORIGINE

— The historical origins of globalization are the subject of on-going debate

— Globalization in the middle decades of the twentieth century was largely driven by the global expansion of multinational corporations based in the United States

WHEN??

— It began in the late nineteenth century; however the pace of globalization picked up rapidly during the fourth quarter of the twentieth century.

How??

— Colonisation

— Technology

— Promotion of free trade

— Creation of international organisations such as UNO(United Nations Organisation)

The negative effects of globalization

— outsourcing to cheaper locations

— Globalization has led to exploitation of labor.

— Job insecurity

— Terrorists

— Pollution

— Fast food chains

— The benefits of globalization is not universal

— Bad aspects of foreign cultures are affecting the local cultures

— Deadly diseases like HIV/AIDS are being spread by travelers to the remotest corners of the globe.

— Local industries are being taken over by foreign multinationals

— The increase in prices has reduced the government's ability to sustain social welfare schemes in developed countries

— There is increase in human trafficking

The Positive effects of globalization

— Globalization has several advantages on the economic, cultural, technological, social and some other fronts.

— Supporters of globalization argue that it is good and beneficial. Some of their arguments are listed below.

— The concept of outsourcing. The workers in the developing countries get employment. Developing countries get access to the latest technology.

— Increased competition forces companies to lower prices. This benefits the end consumers

— Increased media coverage draws the attention of the world to human right violations. This leads to improvement in human rights.

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