Term paper about Vaccination

Introduction

This term paper is about vaccination, and more precisely about its discovery and its development.

I almost found all of my informations in the web sites of Department of Health & Human Services that you can find in my bibliography.

Plan: So, we are going to see in the first part “What is the vaccination?”;

and in the second part we’ll see the benefits and risks about this technique; Then, we’ll finish by seeing the innovations in this area.

Abstract about the term paper

Before to explain what is vaccination, let’s begin with a little of history:

A. The discovery of vaccination

The first disease to be eradicated was the Smallpox; it has threatened our world for the past twelve thousand years. Treatments were desperately searched until a cure called variolation was discovered.

But what is the variolation? …

Variolation is an old practice of inoculating someone with the virus of smallpox to produce immunity to the disease. Lady Wortley Montagu introduced this practice into England from Turkey in 1721. At this point, the process spread like fire across Europe and save a lot of lives.

In 1796, The Englishman Edward Jenner discovered and introduced the vaccination as safer method of inoculation with the cowpox virus, a non-fatal virus that also induced immunity to smallpox.

But it’s Louis Pasteur who got the credit for the discovery because he gave the first explanation of the phenomena.

He kept the term of “vaccination” used by Edward Jenner that comes from the Latin “vacca” which means “cow”.

B. Vaccines

Now we can ask ourselves, what product is used in this process. It’s called a vaccine. It’s a preparation that is supposed to cause a state of immunity regarding a particular virus.

There are four types of vaccine:

 inactivated contagious agents

 attenuated living agents.

 subs-units of contagious agents

 inactivated toxins

They can be differentiated by their composition; however theirs developments remain the same.

Vaccines are developed, tested, and regulated in a very similar manner to other drugs. We can say that vaccines are even more thoroughly tested than non-vaccine drugs because the number of human subjects in vaccine clinical trials is usually bigger

Benefits and risks of vaccinations

So, we are going to see the benefits and risks of such medicine.

Let’s take a look of the benefits:

First:

 Protection against Disease

The most obvious benefit of vaccination is, of course, protection against disease.

(Their main feature is that they are capable of stimulating the body's defensive mechanisms against disease infections)

Second:

 Reduction in Severity of Illness

The second one is a reduction in severity of illness.

Even if you get a vaccine you may still

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