La participation des femmes au développement local

REPUBLIQUE DU BENIN

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MINISTERE DE L’ ENSEIGNEMENT SUPERIEUR ET

DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE

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UNIVERSITE D’ABOMEY-CALAVI (U.A.C.)

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ECOLE NATIONALE D’ADMINISTRATION ET DE LA MAGISTRATURE (ENAM)

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CYCLE II

OPTION: ADMINSTRATION DES FINANCES

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Filière : Planification et Développement Local (PDL)

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English homework

Topic:

Women’s participation in local development

GROUP The winners:

KONA Nadège

N’KIEMAN Rafiath

TOKPONNON Raoul

TEACHER:

Dr Charlemagne FANOU

Academic year 2013 – 2014

Plan

Introduction

I. Local development

A. Local development concept

B. Local development actors

II. Women ’s contribution and reasons of their weak participation in local development

A. Women ’s contribution in local development

B. Reasons of the weak participation of women in local development

Conclusion

Introduction

During centuries, the women were marginalized and relegated to the second rank. Their voice was hidden for a long time behind Men’s. So, in all the fields of the life, the women have during centuries required the autonomy of decision or intervention in the business relating to the evolution of the company. This situation lasted of the centuries until the acquisition of the right to vote by the Women in 1944. From this moment an evolution of the social situation of the Women was noted. But of the decades after, we always note that the Woman does not have the same place as the Man in the management of the city’s business. She is marginalized for most of the time and we note a presence of the women lower than Men’s. The variation is also remarkable on the level of the Benin’s local government agencies. However in same time the legal texts on the decentralization envisaged the participation of all the actors to reach the objectives. But we note a difference between the laws on the decentralization and the real implementation of the decentralization. Thus, on the 77 local government agencies which we have in Benin, we only count one woman mayor. It thus poses a problem of participation of women to the local development process. The present reflection is interested on this subject through answers to the following questions:

What is what decentralization and local development?

Which is the role of the women in local development?

Which are the obstacles at the participation of women with local development?

I. LOCAL DEVELOPMENT

It is important before any analysis to clarify the concept of local development and to recall the actors that intervenes in Benin decentralization context.

A. Local development concept

Before defining local development, it is necessary to point out the concept of decentralization.

Decentralization is a system of administration in which the Central state devotes most of its powers to territories that are directed by elected authorities called Mayors.

Local development indicates a political will, translated by a joint action of all the actors of a locality for the achievement of well-being of the populations at the base at general level. To make local development become a success, several actors intervene.

B. Local development actors

Several actors intervene for local development.

We have:

At central level: the Central state through

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