Women in the workforce

Women in the WorkForce

Introduction:

The place of the woman on the job market, evolved much in the history, indeed, today that seemed normal and logical, but in the history, the woman was often prohibited from working. Her place was generally at home to take care of children. Even today the place of women compared to men is very uneven, but the world is changing.

On the historical side, I will take the example of France and the United States, to show how women have managed to have a place in the job market.

Before the war men went to work every day, while their wife stayed at home, they were cleaning cooking, taking care of the children.

In 1941, the United States entered the war after the attack on Pearl Harbor.

When the men went to war, there were not enough workers left to support the production of army supplies.

So, the government turned to women power. At the beginning many factory owners did not want to hire women as workers, they thought that women were not able to bear technical, hard and dangerous work. But without women, the United States would lose the war.

So, the government launched a campaign to change mentalities. And it worked, in 1945 more than 6 million women worked for the army, they were able to make weapons, worked in factories of assembly of planes etc ...

Women were paid less than men for the same work. But they were proud to do important work.

Women not only worked in factories, they helped run the country, 30 million women had jobs, they were farmers, journalists, doctors, engineers ... And for the first time in the United States, all branches of the army had a section for women

At the end of the war, in 1945, the men came back from the war, they were ready to resume their work. But, three quarters of American women who had jobs didn't want to leave it. Most were fired if they refused to do so. In less than a year, more than 3 million women had quit their jobs.

But working during the war changed American women, they felt the feeling of independence, the pride and the satisfaction of learning a trade, and these feelings aren’t easy to forget.

Around the 1970s, there were marches for the liberation of women, where they demanded to be treated like men in society. And thanks to ww2, they knew they could do it. And since ww2, women had not stopped to fight for their write of workers

Discriminations of Women in the Workforce

Differences of workstations

Today, in the world of work, men and women do not work in the same sectors of activity and do not occupy the same positions.

Generally, women tend to work in low-skilled positions, as employees or as workers, and they get very rarely positions of responsibility (managers, company managers, etc.) which are often reserved for men.

In fact, in France, in 2010, 35% of managers are women and 70.5% of employees are women, which proves that women are more likely to hold employee positions than men and less often to hold positions. As another example, of all women working in France, 27% are in very low-skilled jobs, compared to only 15% for men. As far as business creators are concerned, men are also more numerous because 66% of companies are created or taken over by them compared to 34% of women.

Here is the list of positions most occupied by women, at least 70% of women working in France work in one of these areas:

Home helpers and housekeepers, Cleaning agents, Teachers, Sellers, Administrative employees of the public service, Carers, Nurses, midwives, Secretaries Corporate Administrative Employees, Accounting employees, Domestic workers.

But there are also sectors in which women are rare as in politics, for example since the beginning of the Republic in France there has never been a woman at the head of the state; women are also rare in the media, which is dominated by men.

Wage

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