Inegalités Homme/femme dans le monde du travail - étude en anglais

Inequalities of job

Introduction

In work in France we can see lots of inequalities. On the one hand are will speak about the inequalities in the work about the men and the women. They are the more important and more current. On the other and we will speak about the other inequalities in work; they concerning the age the handicap and the racial discrimination.

I) Inequalities between men and women

These last fourty years have been marked by an increase in the share of women in the workforce, which now reaches 40 to 48% in almost all countries of the European Union on the eve of its enlargement

If there is a reduction of inequalities limited but real in terms of activity, in terms of wages, the total immobility. The differences between men and women are over 25% in France, 28% in the EU and 50% worldwide. Although the girls are better in school and they are longer studies than boys, they do not have the same salaries, and even careers. Boys are more likely to move toward channels d 'excellence' and girls have more difficulties in finding a job at the end of their studies: at the age of 25, unemployment affects 20% of men compared with 25% of girls.

For an equivalent position, women earn on average 20% less than men. And they are four times more likely than men to be in a situation of underemployment, especially with the rise in part-time work: it affects 30% of the female labor force compared to only 5.5% of the male population.

These inequalities do not diminish when you go in the hierarchy: a leader of society in France wins a third less than her male counterpart!

Finally, women's pensions are lower and collected a later age.

II )Other inequalities exist…

Indeed although the inequality in work between the men and the women is most current, others persist.

Firstly we can speak about the inequalities according to the age. The companies engage more easily of the young people than those which are close to the retirement. That is due especially to the health risk because the people of forty years have more risks to fall sick or to have large health issues that a young person of a score of year. Moreover engage somebody at a cost since it should very often be formed and it is thus more profitable to train a person for one long life in the company. However the unemployment rate of young people contrasts with this report: in 2005, in France, it touches 24.6% of the women between 15 and 24 years (knowing that the average is of 10.9% whole confused age) and 21.4% of the men of the same age (knowing that the average here is of 9%).

Secondly we can also speak about the inequalities concerning the handicapped people. The companies are often reticent with the idea to engage a handicapped person thinking that it would do her work less better than another whereas this is completely false. A law obliges the companies to be used, in a proportion of 6% of their employee, handicapped workers. They are forced, of course, to arrange their stations. This is called a positive discrimination. Moreover handicapped people are touched by unemployment in a way more important than the others.

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