History of Morocco

Morocco is officially known as the Kingdom of Morocco, which is an Arab country located northwest of the continent of Africa, specifically between Algeria and the Western Desert, overlooking the Atlantic Ocean from the west, the Mediterranean Sea from the north, and from the countries also bordering Morocco, the state of Spain, and separates Morocco from Spain is the Strait of Gibraltar only about 13 km, where the Mediterranean meets the Atlantic Ocean, and the area of the Arab Maghreb is about 446,550 km2, of which 250 km2 is the area of water bodies.

And the capital of Morocco is the city of Rabat, which is located on the Atlantic Ocean at the mouth of the river (Abu Raqraq), as it is an economic center and an important tourist destination in the country, and despite its being the capital, it is not considered the most densely populated cities in the state of Morocco, where The population of Morocco is 33,986,655 people, according to 2017 estimates, and most of them are concentrated along the coasts of the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean, and it has been found that many of the population centers are located on the Atlas mountain range, and the population is also concentrated in a large proportion in rural areas. The population of Morocco is mainly composed It is divided into Arabs and Berbers, as it is divided according to the language they speak, and most of the Moroccan population is Muslim, as they constitute 99% of the total population, and it is worth noting that the largest city in Morocco, is Casablanca, and the main plot is, Other cities include Tangier, located on the Strait of Gibraltar, Agadir overlooks the Atlantic Ocean, and Al Hoceima is overlooking the Mediterranean, in addition to the city of Fez, which includes the best markets in North Africa.

The population of Morocco consists mainly of Arabs and Berbers, as it was divided according to the language in which they are spoken. And in it the main port, and other cities of Tangier, located on the Strait of Gibraltar, Agadir overlooks the Atlantic Ocean, and Al Hoceima is overlooking the Mediterranean, in addition to the city of Fez, which includes the best markets in North Africa.

The history of Morocco dates back to about 1000 years before Christ, when the Phoenicians took control of the region, and then various other civilizations followed, such as: the Vandal civilization, the Visigoths, the Byzantines, and the Romans who ruled it during the fifth century AD, and then the Arabs took control of the region in the year Partially 681 AD, and in 705 AD they took complete control of it, and many countries appeared on the land of Morocco, and many ruling families ruled it since its conquest of Islam, as the countries of the Far Maghreb were conquered by Uqba Ibn Nafi` in the year 62 AH, meaning 681 AD However, this conquest was not completely completed, either as conquest B completely, it was the year 88 AH, i.e. 707 AD by Musa bin Nusair, and continued until 172 AH, that is, 788 AD subject to the rulers of the rulers of Kairouan, The countries that appeared in Morocco are as follows:

The Idrisid dynasty:

The Idrisid dynasty appeared in the year 788 AD, and it continued until the year 974 AD, and its founder is Idris bin Abdullah, and the sources of history mention that after he survived an incident, he sought refuge in the Far Maghreb, and there some clans met with him, so he united with it and established a Shiite emirate that had its independent entity from Kairouan in the year 788 AD, and his son Idris II is considered the real founder of the state of Idris, whose capital was then the city of Fez, and the state of Idris was subjected to division more than once, and it remained divided until the Fatimids seized the Far Maghreb in 921 AD, and the mountains adjacent to the city of Tangier were completed. Eliminate what was left in it Of Idrisids at the hands of the Umayyad.

The Almoravid dynasty:

The Almoravid dynasty emerged from 1056 AD and continued until 1147 AD, as a result of a religious reform movement that appeared in the south of the desert of Morocco, by Yahya bin Ibrahim Al-Jadali, and under the leadership of Abdullah bin Yasin al-Jazuli, who called the Almoravids on his followers, and the rule of the Almoravids succeeded many leaders Until the leadership reached Ibn Tashfin and Abu Bakr in 1056 AD, and each of them tried to avoid the conflict between them as possible; Abu Bakr went to the south, while Ibn Tashfin went to the north, and he built the city of Marrakesh in 1062 AD, and it is worth noting that a state The Almoravids went through many stages, until they were shaken At the hands of the Almohads who took control of the capital and destroyed the state after they killed its last prince, Ishaq bin Ali bin Youssef.

The Almohad Dynasty:

The Almohad Dynasty emerged in 1147 AD, and ended in 1269 AD, at the hands of Muhammad bin Tumart, who was expelled from the Almoravidine state when he declared his opposition to them, and then went to Mount Dern, south of the Far Maghreb, and then claimed that he was the Mahdi, and that his lineage extends to the Messenger - peace and blessings be upon him - And he called for the doctrine of monotheism, and the state of the monotheists went through stages of strength and stages of weakness, except that the unification of the Far Maghreb from the western side was carried out by one of its leaders, until Marrakech became one of the largest Islamic capitals, and the dissolution of the state began at the beginning of the thirteenth century AD, when The Caliph Al-Nasser was defeated at the punishment position, and he followed The Unitarian losses that ended their state, after the state of its commercial activities, economic, scientific and architectural.

The Marinid Sultanate:

The Marinid Sultanate appeared when Abu Muhammad Abed al-Haq Ibn Maya was able to defeat the Almohads in 1216 AD, and in 1269 AD the Marinid state was formed by the Sultan Al-Mansur, who finally eliminated the Almohads, and took control of Marrakesh, where the people of Marin tried to extend their influence in the manner of the Almohads state However, they failed to do so, knowing that the attempts of the Marines continued to control the Far Maghrib, until they were

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