Young Juveniles

Young juveniles in their first stage of life, they represent a positive picture from whom they grow up as family and society. Strong attention should be given to them in ways of governmental reforms and legislation of new laws. Juvenile crimes are punished every day. Public at large receives little background information on specifics in each case from the media. The public is kept un informed. We are looking into the factors of juvenile delinquency as social institutional structures are not adequate long before children become adolescences. We will see here the contributing factors of juvenile delinquency are poverty, external influences, education and family background. We can say that these factors are the main causes that lead directly to juvenile delinquency in our society.

It is by trying to answer these many questions and understanding why these young people are heading in the wrong way that useful solutions can be envisaged.

First, we will study the various social factors influencing delinquency more or less, and then try to find a potential link between economic situation and delinquency. Finally, we will see that other factors that have no direct link with young people can lead to delinquency

Social factors

Studies by many sociologists show that juvenile delinquents are highly influenced by their environment. Indeed, it can be seen that the .environments of these lost young people have similar similarities as their family situations, the negative effects that recent immigration may have on them or urbanization and the weakening of values ​​in our society.

The main social factor affecting juvenile delinquency is the family factor. Taking this factor into account is a determining factor in understanding the paths of these lost young people. The family plays a decisive role in the good development of the child; it alone can prevent delinquency from the earliest childhood. We will therefore see that the bad relations between its members and the evolution of the modern family are one of the causes of the progression of delinquency.

Within the family structure, it is important to grasp the existing relationships between its members. Relationships between parents are important, the social learning of the child depends on it, as are the relationships that parents have with their children. The example given by the parents in their couple relationships teaches the child how to behave in his social life. Spousal abuse and repeated disputes have negative effects on the behavior of the child, who may become violent in turn. But the most decisive factor is the family climate is mostly the degree of parental control. The American sociologist Fleisher, who shared for more than a year the lives of young thieves, beggars and violent young men, finds that, in all cases, have had no home either small, either their emotional conditions were lamentable, or else they were neglected. Parental supervision is essential. This thesis is still valid. In France today, in the absence of parental control, the risks of delinquency are multiplied by three and even by five or six for serious offenses.

In order to be able to analyze the relations between family and delinquency, one must also have knowledge about the different dimensions of the family. Today, the modern family is seen as in crisis and has negative effects on young people. Far from the ideal model, relations between parents and children have lost their strength. The upheavals of the contemporary family (divorces, single-parent families, blended families, long-term but non-cohabiting couples, homosexual couples ...) have an impact on the growth of delinquency. There is a correlation between family structure and delinquency. Studies by Sébastien Roché, an expert sociologist on this subject, show that broken or single-parent families have more crimes than united families or those where one parent has died. The worst case is where children are raised by the father without the mother, the delinquency rate is more than twice that of a biological family. The death of a parent is much less significant than separation or divorce, especially when they occur before the child is four years old.

The number of children in the family also strongly influences delinquency. 58% of the children placed by the judge come from families with four or more children. With three children, the rate of delinquency increases significantly. Juvenile delinquency is also strongly influenced by that of other siblings. When a child is involved in offenses, he tends to draw part of his siblings in the same direction. He therefore encourages delinquency within the family. This aspect should not be neglected, especially when dealing with the factors of delinquency.

Urbanism, inactivity and ghettoization reveal a "street culture" conducive to delinquent motivations.

Delinquency rates are higher in cities than in rural areas where traditional social structures remain stronger. In rural areas, the child is engaged very early in a network of solidarity that no longer exists in the big cities of today. The growth of cities also leads to the disappearance of the protective third by anonymity. This geographical mobility brings together heterogeneous populations. Individuals crowd into neighborhoods and experience similar situations, and then there is a lack of social mix. Social inequalities are felt more in the city, where multiple solicitations can accentuate the natural tendencies of the adolescent to the revolt.

Urbanization is closely linked to economic factors. Indeed, the concentration of a certain population in the cities and more precisely in the neighborhoods is the result of difficult financial situations. These young people find themselves in a poor and homogeneous socio-economic environment, which causes them to try to change things by "the means of the edge" which are often: theft and trafficking.

However, despite what most people think, all these young offenders are not comparable to young people in the suburbs. According to studies by Laurent Bégue and Sebastien Roché, only one third of thefts are attributable to adolescents living in the so-called "HLM suburbs", while 41% of these are done by children living outside park HLM. As for the other breaches of the law, the percentages are relatively close to one another.

D) Weakening of values, lack of social control and solidarity

The fact of living in an anonymous, individualistic and urban society favors delinquency. Lack of social control, including the passivity of potential witnesses. Indeed, the reaction rate of most witnesses to a crime is close to 0%. For flights, witnesses do not even consider reporting them to the authorities, they do not feel concerned, do not want to waste their time, or are reluctant to report.

Witnesses, who are neither relatives nor victims, believe they have no legitimacy to act. The "authorities" that come into play are primarily parents, friends, then the police, and finally the security professionals.

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