Idea of progress : school desegregation

idea of progress: school desegregation

- notion : Idea of progress

- definition: Progress is an advancement or just a change that it be technical, scientific or social. The progress make the world better but it can also be negative.

- chosen theme

- plan

- problematic

part I: laws and consequence

        * Before (1896 - Plessy c. Ferguson) the idea of "separate but equal" facilities for racial divisions.  

        After 1954 = Brown v. Board of Education the segregation is unconstitutional in public school.

                ¤ Linda Brown: 1951 her family would like she go at school near her house but for the white but she don't can because the school refused so help the justice: the laws allowed the separation but in the some city but only for the cycle elementary.

        * consequence:

                ¤ Ruby Bridge: go school with federal Marshal - Barbara Henry

                [pic 1] 

                Norman Rockwell « The Problem We All Live With » – 1964

Ruby Bridge_Louisiana_six year old_with Federal Marshal. Barbara Henry,  teaches at Ruby.

                ¤ Little Rock:  Arkansas, Governor of Arkansas use the national guard to close the school for the black and before the public school was close during 2 year.

                * 1964: civil rights act: outlawed discrimination

 transition

         = not happy life, humiliation, sacrifice…

 [pic 2]

 the book tells the story of Sarah Dunbar - Jefferson High School / Linda Hairston is the daughter of one of the town's most vocal opponents of school integration. integration of children into schools, religion, gender orientation

part II: a real advancement ?

        * 2008: economic crisis -> resegregation

        * half of black student finish school

        * student number- since 40 years school de Linda Brown

        * number de profs higher education: Sometimes, We back to the past because there are now laws for example in 2014 about the equality of black professor in higher education

        Today, they are a movement of school resegregation especially in the big town because the black prefer go with people like her, learn her story and not are discriminated: in 2005 the number of black students in school were are particularly white is inferior than every year since 1968.  In the school where Linda Brown went today, there are just black children

 conclusion         

Info +:

        -  NAACP: National Association for the Advancement of Colored People founded in 1909 after a collective lynching

        - With the Jim Crow laws segregation was legal -  school, bus, the hospital and the toilets especially in the south

        - 1930 - residential segregation so also at school by the state

[pic 3]

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