Canada justice

The justice of the Canada by Angélica

Good Afternoon everybody, today I am here in front of you to present the justice of the Canada. Canada is a country in North America. It is the second largest country in the world after Russia. Ottawa is its capital. It is a constitutional monarchy, so there is a royal family and a parliament called the House of Commons.

First of all, Canada’s justice system is unique in the world but also complex. Two official languages (French and English) and two legal traditions (common law and civil law) coexist in their justice system.

 In addition to national courts, each province and territory has its own courts. The Supreme Court of Canada oversees this whole system.

Canada's courts help people resolve their disputes fairly, whether they arise between individuals or between individuals and the state. In doing so, the courts interpret and establish the law, set standards and decide issues that affect all aspects of Canadian society.

In Canada, the law applies to everyone, including: To the police, the Government and the officials.

Their laws recognize and protect human rights and freedoms, including equality.

They are divided between public and private law.

Laws that fall under public law establish the rules that apply to the relationship between the individual and society . This includes:

1.        Criminal law

2.        Constitutional law;

3.        administrative law.

Private law, also known as "civil law," deals with relationships between individuals. Civil law sets out the rules that apply:

1.        Contracts

2.        Property rights

3.        The rights and obligations of family members

4.        damage to an individual or property by others.

Most people settle their issues without going to court, for example:

1.        through mediation;

2.        arbitration.

The role of the police in Canada is to keep people safe and law enforcement. Police forces exist at various levels, including:

1.        Federal Government;

2.        Provincial;

3.        Territorial;

4.        Municipal.

In their legal system, people are presumed innocent until proven guilty.

The law affects virtually every aspect of their  daily lives. On the one hand,  they have laws to deal with crimes like theft or murder. On the other hand,  they also have laws that govern activities such as driving a car, obtaining employment and marriage.

The House of Commons, the Senate and the monarch (head of state, represented by the Governor General of Canada) are the ones who create the law.

In The Constitution there are Three powers that exist:

• The executive (belongs to the Queen, but in their democratic society, the Queen's powers are exercised, under a constitutional convention, on the advice of ministers . When they use the term "government," it usually means executive power. )
• The Legislative; (belongs to the Parliament, which consists of the Queen ,the Senate and the House of Commons.

• The judiciary.( includes judges)

Their system is a federal system which means that The Parliament of Canada and the provincial and territorial legislatures all have the power or "competence" to make laws.

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