What is GDP ? And what are its problems and solutions ?

THE ECONOMIC GROWTH

What is GDP ? And what are its problems and solutions ?

INTRODUCTION :

Gross domestic product (GDP) is the economic indicator used to calculate the evolution of a country's wealth production, it is the economic growth. It is mainly measured in volume or in constant prices to correct for the effects of inflation. It measures the sum of the value of goods and services that have been produced during 1 year in a country. In the past, economic growth did not exist, it appeared with the agricultural revolution in the 16th and 17th centuries, it then became the objective of all countries.  Growth is a fundamental process of contemporary economies, it allows access to new mineral resources such as deep mines and energy as well as technical progress. In the long term, growth has an impact on the demography and standard of living of the societies around it.

Economic growth can therefore have certain consequences and limits such as :

- ecological limits because producing too much draws on the stock of non-renewable natural resources. Renewable resources are exploited at a rate that is too fast to allow them to renew themselves.  

- social limits because in many countries there are inequalities, it is not because a country is rich and developed that all the population is too. Economic growth is a necessary condition for development. But this condition of wealth is sometimes insufficient.

DEVELOPPEMENT :

A question that social scientists are increasingly asking is how to feed, house and employ a world of nearly 8 billion people in the face of dwindling resources and escalating climate change. We will therefore talk more specifically about 3 problems of economic growth with their solutions to contribute to a sustainable growth and to the safeguard of the environment.

The first problem we will present is the crisis of physical inactivity. Indeed, the EU Member States spend an average of 80.4 billion euros per year to treat diseases caused by a lack of physical activity. The diseases concerned, such as coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes or certain cancers, are estimated to cause around 500,000 deaths per year in Europe.

That is why it is recommended that adults practice 30 minutes of physical activity developing cardiorespiratory fitness, at least 5 days a week, avoiding 2 consecutive days without practicing. For children, it is recommended to practice a physical activity outside of class for a good development and a better socialization.

Then, we are going to talk to you about the second problem : the global warming caused in particular by the industrial activities but more precisely the agriculture sector because it is the sector most affected by the global warming, in particular in the developing countries where it occupies an important place in the national economy. This is why researchers have developed solutions to reduce or at least slow down global warming.

Like planting trees and hedges that can play a major role in reducing greenhouse gases for several reasons : it can store carbon, compensate emissions from other sectors, provide natural shelter for animals and promote biodiversity. Or by eating more fruits and vegetables, whole grains and less meat and dairy products, we can significantly reduce our impact on the environment. Producing plant-based foods generally results in fewer greenhouse gas emissions and requires less energy, land and water.

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