THE MIGRATORY WAVE IN EUROPE

 THE MIGRATORY WAVE IN EUROPE

INTRODUCTION

Since a few months, European Countries watched several thousand of migrants cross Mediterranean Sea to join Europe. Most of them embarked on crowded boats. The others walked during several days with some personal items. This journey was very dangerous and European Countries counted several hundred deaths especially by drowning. How and why this situation happened? The main cause is the civil war in Syria. Indeed, this war began four years ago. The majority of Syrians hasn’t got any housing, and any job. They also have trouble with famine. But the most important thing is the fact that people are in insecurity in their country. Consequently, much of Syrians decided to move out. However, not only Syrians are coming to Europe.  Among 213 200 asylum requests between April and June of this year, 21% came from Syrians, 13% from Afghans, 8% from Albanians and the last from Iraqis. The issue is that it is necessary to differentiate refugees and migrants. For example, in Albany, there isn’t war: Albanians decide to emigrate for economic reasons.

I. A difficult trip

What leaves no doubt is that migrants who cross the Mediterranean Sea this year to join Europe are dying at an unprecedented rate. 23.556 people entered irregularly in Italy by sea since January. Compared to last year, the number of deaths, according to the International

last October the mission of search and rescue of Italy.

It was replaced by Triton operation, managed by the EU border control agency, Frontex, which has a narrower mandate to patrol the territorial waters of Italy and a budget of less a third of Mare Nostrum’s one.

        1. The refugee’s integration

Adapting to a new environment and to exile whose multiple facets force refugees to question their transformed identity.

For example, we can easily understand the question of integration by reading this testimony of a refugee in Germany: "Strange and foreign words which I understand nothing. I separated from those with whom I shared my childhood, my adolescence and my youth has not been easy. We wore the same uniform, lived the same context, we behave in the same way, learn the same things, had the same customs, in short, a common culture. We had very simple dreams, because few opportunities were available to us. We had to look like. Being in a group was to create a sense of belonging and loyalty. In turn, this also gave us a sense of security, strength and satisfaction. Therefore, live a new individuality, it seemed to be an extremely long process. "

Social ties and verbal communication has to start from zero.

        2. The exile and alienation

The fact of migrating requires different forms of adaptation: learning a language, a way of thinking, adopting a new behavior...

In that way, some migrants want to stay together in order to keep their original links. It seems that being part of a unified whole is familiar, it is a way to fight against the unbearable feeling of powerlessness, anxiety and fear, in this too complicated context.

The decision to conduct a new life is not generally a personal decision, giving that the population has to learn a new language, new laws, new traditions and new culture. This trajectory is unavoidable. Nowadays, the exile is certainly different from the past. The old way to exile was obviously marked by a total isolation. There are 4 millions of Syrian refugees on the lands of exile, and there are individuals that are affected, suffering deeply within themselves. Immigrants have to build a new life in the heart of an unknown and harsh reality.

        3. The harsh search for a better life

Why are migrants fleeing their country? Often, the migratory wave is due to war, economic reasons, poverty, political corruption... In that way, it is extremely difficult to separate beyond all future migrants, "refugees" (who obtained this status defined by the Geneva Convention of 1951) from economic migrants, who don’t necessarily require asylum. 

In other words, migrants often flee war and chaos. Syrians are seeking a place where they can regain the quality of life they enjoyed before the conflict. Many Afghans are also trying to reach Europe to join those who already leaved the country, affected by poverty and illiteracy. But they are not always the worst off.

Every day, all over the world, people make the most difficult decision of their live: to leave their homes with the goal of finding of a better life.

        3. A struggle for a better life

People move to other countries for many reasons, but for undocumented migrants it is nearly always for a better life. For the migrant and its family, searching a better life means the fact of searching a job, escaping from poverty, natural disasters, violence, armed conflicts or persecution.

The majority of migrants joining Europe doesn’t seem to flee unlawfully armed conflicts, but are rather looking for a better life in a wellness paradise. In a political context, the response from Europe is to throw money at the problem - money in Europe does not have. Defense Secretary of the United Kingdom suggested that £ 12 billion (US $ 19 billion) budget on foreign aid the United Kingdom might "discourage" mass migration.

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