Scotland and the UK : the independance

     SCOTLAND AND THE UK: THE INPENDANCE QUESTION

Introduction (Anas): United Kingdom is a big country located in western Europe this kingdom regroups more than 1 country such England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. With more than 67 M inhabitants the United Kingdom is the 21st most lived country in the world. And we have Scottland who is a main part of this kingdom because it represents 13 percent of the United Kingdom demography in terms of surface scottland covers a third of the island by the way it’s located on the north of the island. On this study we will show you the many reasons and events that are linked to Scotland willing of being self-dependent by first showing the historical overview, the

current situation, the organization of power and the different persons in particular political personality having different thoughts on the subject.

1-HISTORICAL OVERVIEW (Zelemkhan):  The relationship between Scottland and England was peaceful and very calm until the independence war which happens in the late Thirteenth century especially from 1296 to 1328. This war resulted by the English invasion and by the signing of the treaty of Edimbourg-Northampton that recognized the Independence of Scottland. Then we had just 4 years later in 1332 with the invasion of Edouard Balliol and encouraged also by England people this war will end in 1357 with the signing of the treaty of Berwick but the results will stay the same with Scottland staying independent. And in 1707 an act of union will be applied to unified England and Scottland in what will be called United Kingdom. Those countries will be controlled by the stuart dynasty until 1998.  1998, the date when Scottland started having, they own government and parliament even tho they still must respect the British sovereignty principles.

2- organization of power (Anas): Power in Scotland operates according to United Kingdom constitution. Scotland is a democracy which, since the Scotland Act 1998, has had representation in both the UK Parliament and the Scottish Parliament.

Most executive power is exercised by the Scottish Government, headed by the prime Minister of Scotland, the head of government in a multi-party system. The judiciary in Scotland, which deals with Scottish law, is independent of the legislature and executive. The Scottish Government shares some executive powers with the UK Government and its Office for Scotland, a department of the UK Government headed by the Secretary of State for Scotland. In United Kingdom each country benefit from the devolution of the power in the Scotland case, we have as governor of the Scottish parliament, the labor government (le gouvernement travailliste) who has been elected in May 1997. The Scottish parliament can apply his power and right on some areas such as:

-health and social services.

-education and training

-local government and housing

-justice and police

agriculture, forestry and fisheries.

-environment.

-tourism, sports and culture

-economic development and transport.

3-Arguments for and against the independence. (zelemkhan)

We first need to give a global context to the situation in Scotland we saw the birth of the snp in 1934 which represent the independentist party. So, this party have emerged having a huge role in the wiling of independence by defending the notion of self-improvement whereas United Kingdom rather want to improve the kingdom improvement. Few years ago, in 2014 55% of the Scotland population voted against the national independence at the referendum established by Boris Johnson (prime minister in UK). But the SNP was elected right after this vote at the legislative elections asked to reapply this vote for a main reason, the BREXIT. After the Brexit a national poll has been implemented to ask Scottish if they would like their independence to join the European union and 62% voted for the dependance. Since this date, the prime minister of scottland force as much as possible to have a referendum again which is not approved by Boris Johnson because for him a vote like is a generational event so it cannot be reapplied just 6 years later. So, the obvious argument against is that Scottland can be and is currently a main piece for the United Kingdom growth, according to Boris Johnson the United kingdom rise should be the priority. One of the other arguments  against is that Scottland want to be independent while keeping the currency of pounds sterling which is relevant of a country which is not ready at 100% to be independent which justify the British reluctance because once the country is fully dependant of themselves there are no backward steps.

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