Notion idea of progress

English

Idea of Progress

        I’m going to talk about the notion Idea of Progress. Progress is a change of state to a superior degree. Here we will be interested by a recent event, which can be considered as a progress, the Brexit. The Brexit is the United Kingdom’s decision to leave European Union. It was decided on June the 23rd of 2016 by a referendum.

        Why did the British wanted to leave European Union, what are the problems that it triggered and how do it happen?

         We will first see British’s reasons to wanted to leave European Union, then we will see the problems caused by the Brexit, and Finally we will see its course.

        In 2014, we assisted in Britain to the rise of the United Kingdom Independence Party (UKIP). It’s Party had for project to leave European Union, and a lot of British agree with this for multiple reasons. The first one was to take back the control of the country's borders. A large part of the immigration in Britain come from the EU with countries like Poland or Romania by dint of the free circulation. The Brexit would allow the regulation of the immigration.

        The second reason was economic. Indeed, the EU’s regulations cost a lot of money to the British government. Furthermore, the Brexit would allow the trade liberalization in order to open UK to new commercial exchanges with countries like China, India, or United States. Moreover, the British wanted to leave the EU’s economic crisis.

        Finally, the third reason was to restore the national sovereignty. In fact, the British didn’t like belonging to EU and they had difficulties to accept that a large part of their laws didn’t come from their country. Although, Britain didn’t accept a lot of European agreements, for example they didn’t adopted the Euro.

That’s for all this reasons that UK wanted to leave EU.

        But the Brexit presented further difficulties. The most important is the Irish Border question. Before the Brexit, the border between Republic of Ireland and North Ireland was open. But the EU exit is a problem because if UK close the border, it can wage back the civil war in North Ireland. So the solution of UK, called the “backstop”, say that UK will stay in single custom territory with the EU, which is unimaginable for the British who want to separate completely from the EU. In addition, the “backstop” give to NI a special status, which is unthinkable for the Irish Unionists.

        Then, there is also the problem of the Scotland's Independence. In September 2014, the Scotland made a referendum for its Independence, and the votes were against at 55%. Furthermore, 62% Scots voted against the Brexit. Consequently, if the Scotland don’t wanted to leave the EU, it’s possible that it want to leave UK to stay in.

        Finally, there are other problems, like the question of what to do with the European expat in UK and the British expat in the EU. There is also the question of the British financial budget, which is really hard to provide without knowing the future result of the negotiations. The last problem is the fact that 48% of the population was against the Brexit, so it make divisions in the populations between the ones who want to stay in the EU, the ones who want a “Hard-Brexit”, namely who wanted to leave totally the EU, and the ones who want a “Soft-Brext”, namely who don’t want to leave totally the EU.

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