Anglais, civilisation britanique

Christopher columbus discovered america in 1492. Columbus day the second Monday of october. But it is a controversial day, because of the native people who lived there. So in hawaii they celebrate the Discovers day (polynesians), in south dakota they celebrated the native american day (1990) and in the city of Barkeley they celebrated the Indigeonous people day (1992), it is celebrate the 4th Monday of September.

They name of the american flag is the star spangled banner. It is also the name of the national anthem, which was written by francis scoot lkey. First, it was a poem, the nit became a music, to celebrate the war of 1812. The flag has 50 stars which represents the 50 states. And the 13 stripes represented the 13 colonies. Red for valor, white for innocence and purity, blue for vigilence, perseverance, and justice. The 13 colonies are located in the East : New hampshire, new jersey, connectivut, ney york, georgia, virginia, massacvhussets, pennyslivanie, delaware, north and south carlina, mariland, Rhode island.

In 1587, a group wants to establish a settlement in Roanoke island, but everybody dissaperead, why don’t know what happened. Then in 1607, virgia aka jamestown. Virginia, because the queen elizabeth I was virgin and had no  children. King james I, was the kking so jamestown. 1620, pilgrim father left england for the city of plymouth. They have to sign the mayflower compact. The first year in massachussets was really complicated, because it was cold, the native people helped them. Then in 1621, they celebrated thanksgiving. So more and more colonies arrived. There are two types of colonies, the royal colonies, and the proprietaries colonies.

In 1765, stamp taxes, colonist angry, because they have to pay taxe, but they were not represented in westminster, they have no members in the parliament.

1773, boston tea party. English people angry.

1774. They met again = first continental congress

1775, battle of concord and lexington. They won. Second continental congress

4 juillet 1776, declaration of independance.

1783 : traité de paris

1781 : article of confederation

1787, they want to revise the constitution, because all states need to agree soi t was really difficult.

They need a man to preside the debate, it waas george washington, because thank to him they won the battle. He was choose unanimously.

New jersey wantss a unijcameral chambers, whereas Virginia claims a bicameral chamber. Finnaly, connecticut comprise. Bicameral chambers, but each state and population will be equally represented. Each slaves will be representated as 3/5.

The federalist (Jhon jay, Hamilton, James madison) want that all satte ratifiedd it. The anti federalist thoink the opposite. Finally the consitution was sined in philadelphia in Deptember, and it was ratified by delaware in december.

Last state to ratify new hampshire

Rhode island ratifie dit after it takes effect.

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