La ségrégationen Amérique (document en anglais)

Apartheid first. The word comes from the French "apart" and means "separation" in Afrikaans, the language of Afrikaners. Some authors claim that it was used for the first time in 1917 by Jan Smuts, in one of his speeches, long time before he became the Prime Minister , in 1919. It is a policy of development that separates populations along ethnic and linguistic lines in selected geographical areas.

This policy is formalized with a lot of laws and regulations, from 1948, by the National Party, led by the Calvinist pastor Daniel Malan. The population is classified into four main categories: whites, Indians, Métis and blacks. Cities are reserved for whites, other communities are confined in ghettos.

During apartheid black people do not have the right to vote, white's and black's people could not marry each others, black's people had to carry an internal passport designed especially for them which they used to move (Nelson Mandela will burn his passport),the access to public places were restricted according to skin color.

Apartheid, a generic term, is divided into two branches: the "small apartheid", which limits contact of whites with non-whites, and the "grand apartheid", which defines the space into separate geographical areas and ethnically determined .

- The "small apartheid" concerns especially public transport and generally places open to the public.

- The "grand apartheid" culminates with the forced removals of blacks, according to their tribal origin and language, in Bantustans destined to become "independent countries".

The result is a large, rich and prosperous country populated by whites in South Africa with large numbers of black migrant workers, citizens Bantustans very poor "independent" or "autonomous"; latters producing the wealth that advantage the first.

In conclusion, Apartheid is a form of racism displayed in the regulations or the laws of a country. Apartheid is a segregationist political system set up by the white minority in South Africa in 1948 and abolished in 1991 under pressure from the international community and as a result of the struggle of blacks represented by Nelson Mandela

...