L'Histoire du Japon - en anglais

Japan (2)

• 6–9 August 1945: the Allies of World War II conducted two atomic bombings against the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan.

• On 15 August, six days after the bombing of Nagasaki, Japan announced its surrender to the Allies, signing the Instrument of Surrender on 2 September

• Emperor : Hirohito (1901-89); Hirohito personally ratified the proposal by the Japanese Army to remove the constraints of international law on the treatment of Chinese prisoners ; authorized the use of chemical weapons

• Mc Arthur: He was ready to invade Japan in November 1945, but instead accepted their surrender on 2 September 1945. He was responsible for the occupation of Japan from 1945 to 1951.

He also took care of United Nations forces defending South Korea against North Korea in 1951. MacArthur was removed from office by the President of the United States Harry S.Truman in April 1951 in view of its strategic preferences during the Korean War. He had attacked the People's Republic of China and North Korea with atomic bombs before entering into negotiations with the Soviets. (He allowed many defendants, including members of the imperial family, to escape justice court)

• Korean War (50-53) : In 1945, Korea was Japan’s property and occupied by Russian forces in the north and by U.S. forces in the South. The division of this country would be temporary, But Russia and the United States were unable to agree on the procedure. Therefore, the division of Korea became permanent.

In the north, the Russians established a communist government with a powerful army, trained and equipped by them, while in the South, Americans have held elections that have established an independent government anticommunist. In June 1950, the armies of communist North Korea, were suddenly attacked South Korea. UN has recommended that member countries provide military assistance to South Korea.

Finally, after very heavy fighting and heavy casualties on one side or the other, in June 1951, the battle line has stabilized around the38th parallel

• Impact Korean war on Japanese economy : Much of the material used in the war was bought from nearby Japan. This gave Japanese economy such an dynamic boot after the ravages of WWII ; Japan was able to benefit vastly from the war, and the Korean War greatly helped the rise of Japan's economy and its development into a world power ( Japanese companies such as Mitsubishi)

• Article 9: Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution (47) is a clause in the National Constitution of Japan that prohibits an act of war by the state, although Japan maintains armed forces, referred to as the Japan Self-Defense Forces. Violation with the japan self-defense forces? There’s a lot of debate on it

• Yasukuni shrine: located in Tokyo. It is dedicated to the soldiers and others who died fighting on behalf of the Emperor of Japan

• Current emperor is Akihito

• US base in Okinawa : Japanese citizens appreciate the mutual security treaty with the U.S., but a portion of the population demand a reduction in the number of U.S. military bases in the region ( rape, helicopter crash, thefts,…)

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