Globalisation, Roles of different international organisations

Globalisation

Roles of different international organisations

1. United Nations

The united nations is an international organisation which succeeded to the ineffective League of nations. The organization is financed by voluntary contributions from its 193 member states.

The united nations was founded after the devastating world war 2. That´s why its founders gave it a priority goal :

1. Maintain peace and international security

There are two instution which two are responsible to manage the threats against international security and peace :

1. The Security Council

It notice the acts of agression. After it tries to invite the parties of a dispute to solve the problem by themselves. It recommends after the appropriate adjustment methods. Sometimes it can give sanctions or authorise the use of force to restore international peace and security.

1. The General Assembly

Through meetings and forums, members states express their views on difficult issues in order to make a consensus or recommendations.

1. Prevention

      To reduce the costs and suffering of the conflicts, the U.N use prevention through diplomacy or mediation. But the Organization uses often special envoys and political missions directly in the field. The troops and forces are provided by member states and also supported by the Department of Operational Support

1. Maintain peace

The U.N  tries to assist host countries on the difficult path from conflict to peace. This involves operations (as we said) in order to facilitate political processes, protect civilians, and assist in disarmament and demobilization. They also support the organization of elections, help to restore the rules of law and extend the legitimate authority of the State. After the intervention, the job of the U.N doesn´t stop here: the U.N tries to strenghten peace to reduce the risk of a new conflict. This is achieved through strategic and political advice and financial assistance.

1. Fight against terrorism

The United Nations is increasingly called upon to coordinate the global fight against terrorism. That´s why in 2006 E.U has adopted a counter terrorism strategy.

1. Disarmement

U.N also works on disarmament and non-proliferation of nuclear, chemical, biological and other weapons of mass destruction.

1. Protect humans rights

The UN action to protect and promote human rights

is based on the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) and the democracy. The U.N action go through missions to protect and promote human rights. The main goal is to empower the local population to reaffirm and claim their human rights. These include to fight against sexual violence in conflict and violations of children's rights. The United Nations Commission on the Status of Women (CSW) tries also to promote gender equality.

1. Provide humanitarian assistance

The Organization must face to natural or man-made disasters that a country could not cope with.

1. Helping refugees

The United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR) was created after the Second World War to help Europeans displaced by the conflict. This agency leads and coordinates international efforts to protect refugees around the world, for instance in Palestine.

1. Helping children

The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)  has worked to help as many children with effective and affordable solutions. It tries to protect better children, especially in conflicts.

1. Feeding the hungry

The World Food Programme (WFP) help millions of people affected by natural disasters. He is responsible for mobilizing food assistance and funding for the transport. Moreover The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is often called to help farmers boost their production following floods, livestock epidemics or other crisis.

1. Care for the sicks

In the 21st century, health is a shared responsibility that needs equitable access to essential care. That´s why the World Health Organisation (WHO) is responsible for leading global health action and to provide technical supports to countries in difficulties. In case of emergency, the World Health Organization (WHO) coordinates the international response to emergency humanitarian actions.

1. Promote sustainable development

Improving the well-being of peoples is one of the most important priority of the United Nations. A sustainable development, considering the environment, is the best way to improve people's lives on earth, on a long term. Poverty has incredibly reduced since 1990. But recognizing the need to fully eradicate poverty, the UN has adopted an ambitious sustainable development programm for 2030. At the same time, recognizing that climate change sets more and more major problems, the United Nations has supported negotiations to adopt a universal agreement on climate change.  

1. Climate change

As the climate change represents a growing danger,

The United Nations supports the assessment of scientific data, and provides assistance to countries and communities wishing to reduce their emissions and build their climate capacity. To face climate change, projects were launched as « Energy for All », which aims to help people benefit from clean energy, improve their energy efficiency and use renewable energy.

1. Disaster prevention

A catastrophic event can destroy a community in a matter of seconds. We can take the example of the famous tsunami in Japan in 2011. This is why the Inter-Agency Secretariat of the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR) works with governments and other partners to prevent loss of life and property.

1. International Monetary Funds

The International Monetary Fund (IMF), also known as the Fund, is an international organization created in 1945. It´s first aim was to reconstruct the international payment system after a devastating war.

The IMF’s fundamental mission is to ensure the stability of the international monetary system (which organize the currency.). It does so in three ways: keeping track of the global economy and the economies of member countries; lending to countries with payments difficulties; and giving practical help to members.

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