Le rôle des enfants dans les révolutions industriels (document en anglais)

The role of children in the industrial revolution : the example of England

The nineteenth century is the century of the Industrial Revolution in England but it begins at the end of the eighteenth century with the invention of machine for industrialization. The Industrial Revolution is seen as a blessing and progress for all societies it touches. However, this revolution due to machinery can not be done without the men working . Among the thousands of workers qu'employaient these factories , there were many children who, in exchange for meager earnings , took care of difficult tasks and sometimes more dangerous. Contrary to popular belief, the Industrial Revolution did not put to work more children than there were before the labor market. Many children will be employed in the industrial sector. Which justifies the employment of children, it is above all the benefits of their small size , flexibility , docility they show and especially thin revenues that must pay them. In 1833, the Factory Act prohibits the employment of children under 9 years in textiles. It also sets the working time to 10 hours per day for children aged 09-14 years and 12 for those 14 to 18 years. This inexpensive hand work and it also reported begat child trafficking . For example , parishes , which were designed to help underprivileged children for , passed ads to sell these children to plant owners. The status of children in the nineteenth century has been the subject of several works in Europe and England, Charles Dickens was a great success with his serialized novel Oliver Twist, which told the story of an English child who lived in the streets and had to work or steal to live

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