CULTURE AND RELATION TO VALUES

CULTURE AND RELATION TO VALUES

• Value = gives few universal core of culture (relation to nature, other, rules etc)
• Shape the behavior

CULTURE CLUES

3 types to find them

• Qualitative approach (observation) ( ET Hall)
• Quantitative (dimension) (Hofsdete)
• Interpretative : find the universe of meaning

CULTURE = CIA

It’s Collective (group), Inculcated (by family) and Acquired.

Management = leading, organizng, controlling, planning, coordinating

ET HALL

• He saw communication as a cultural trait
• People learn to interpret, evaluate things and act differently
• He was the 1st to help business people to be prepared for internal missions

His clues indce : S T C 

SPACE how man use space is an elaboration of culture

Scale of personal space : public > social > personal > intimate

territoriality

Perception of space came from our senses = non verbal

Adjust non-verbal actions to maintain the degree of intimacy you want to share

TIME how man use time is an elaboration of culture

Monochronic :

• one thing at time
• Concentrate on job
• No disturbtion
• Low context, need information

Polychronic:

• Several things at time
• Highly distractable, subject to interruption
• High context, already have information
• Borrow and lend things easily
• Have strong tendency to build a lifetime relationship
• Change plan often
• Flexible approach to deadlines

Collective orientation to time

• Towards the past : tradition

Was better before

(China, Japan, Europe)

• Towards the present : immediate condition

Lower class, poorer people / emerging countries

Future is unsure

• Towards the future : idea of progress

Tomorrow will be better

Optimism

Different level of future : short term (USA), long term (France)

CONTEXT

explicit ≠ implicit

information to find meaning language of :

• material possession (visible)
• friendship patterns (invisible)
• agreements

High context ≠ Low context communication

The more I know invisible, implicit, the less I need to say or ask

High context :

• Most of the information is inside the person
• Implicit culture
• Implicite message is more important

Low context :

• Information has to be detailed
• Goals are explicit
• Strategy clearly articulated

Low context : UK, Denmark, Germany (Germany and Denmark perceive UK as high con.)

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