History of the Earth
Chronologie : History of the Earth. Recherche parmi 300 000+ dissertationsPar Sebastian Waszkis • 18 Juin 2019 • Chronologie • 2 264 Mots (10 Pages) • 636 Vues
History of the earth
Notizen:
- Green earth since 400 million years
- Moon was closer
- Cloud instertellar dust/gas (Helium, hydrogen) -> condensted, colpased, contracting -> high presure, heat -> new element (hydrogen becoming helium) -> radioation (sun light) -> solar system -> futher contracting -> planets -> living
- Supernova: nuclear fusion of a star -> energy (gamma-rays) -> stardust -> new elements
- Dust gathered/collected -> garvity (sucked rocks etc to the earth) -> impact energy in center of earth -> vulcanos
- Big bang -> energy -> expantion from energy -> galaxy will be teared apart -> end of galaxy? Or collapses together again, new supernova -> end?
- Life-form potential between 0-100°C
- Milky way -> 200 Billions stars with potential life
- Eon: Hadean (4.5-3.85 Billion years) -> hellish, hot, bombardement from other compets etc
-> no possible life-form -> upper layer partical became solid
- Eon: Archean (3.85 -2.5 Billion year) -> liquid surface -> maybe first evidence of
life-forms (oxygen free) -> cyanobacterias -> waste: oxygen
- Eon: Proterozoic -> no plants nothing, little oxygen, ozeans, desserts, primitiv life-forms -> bacterias
- Object hit the earth -> upper layer was scrateched off -> moon (less dense) -> only explantion
- Heat in earth: 1/3 Kernspaltung, 2/3 impact energy
- Moon solid -> too cold
- Earth liquid in middle -> earth tectonic
- Old rocks -> not red -> no oxygen -> iron won’t rust
- Black smokers, maybe first life-forms underwater
- Foam on waves, organic material
- Eon: Phanaerozoic: life-forms
- Era: Palaeozoic: primitiv sponges, Stromatolites (housing of bacterias, shores)
- Period: Cambrian
- Canyons: horizontal layers
Valley: random layers
Homework:
- A short history of the earth
- On page
- Differences between early life forms from those of today?
Early: single cell, bacterias, no oxygen needed, simple structure, under microscope visible, in water, anerobic (no oxygen), asteroids, gases, erruptions, strong radiation
Today: multiple cell, all kind of life-form, mostly oxygen needed, big, complex, live on land
- Why would it be impossible for us to surive in the early life forms those of today?
No oxygen, no land, only water
- What is meant by Oxygen Catastrophy?
Time period that had too many bacterias what caused a massiv loss of oxygen, lots of life-forms exstincted again. Bacterias produced too much oxygen -> killed themselves
- How could scientists find out the time when oxygen level started to rise?
Due de rust of iron in contact with oxygen.
- Why radiation declined? Important for life?
A Ozon layer evolved what made living on earth possible, cause radiation would damage creatures and cause high temperatures.
- Dinosaurs lived on Rodinia?
No, Rodinina is much older, no creatures there yet.
- Why do scientists believe life was almost exstinct in Proterozoic Eon?
Due the massive ice over the ozeans very little light could get through, lots of life-forms died.
- How is it possible for geologists map the occurence of life forms?
Due fossils that can be found. Deposits in rocks, minerals, fossils.
- What is understood by the term «Cambrian Explosion»?
One means that suddendly like through an explosion lots of multiple-cell-creatures appeared on earth. Life-form poping up mostly in ozean, multiple-cell.
Teamwork
- Wich events mark the beginning and the end of the Paleozoic?
Events marking beginning and end of Paleozoic:
-Beginning: Cabrian Explosion
-End: Exstiction
- Name for all of the Palaeozoic periods one or two typical life forms.
Cambrian: Trilobites (arthropods), jellyfish
Ordovician: Seastar, Seeigel
Silurian: horsetail
Devonian: fishs, sharks, coelacanth (first one with 4 feet), centipedes (arthropods), first amphibians (frog like), big forest started to grow
Carboniferous: dragonflies, big forest, black coal of forest (lots of layers, reason for name), reptiles like animals/dinosaurs (Edaphosaurus), centipedes (up to 1m, higher oxygen content, dead-end-trachea, have to become bigger), reptiles (thick, dry skin, lung more efficiant), swamps
Permian: Dinosaur like reptiles (dimetrodon), hippo like animals, «Perm» town in Russia
- Dramatic event: Great Dying: mass extinction
Mesozoic Era: 250-65 MA
-Trassic:
-Dinosaurs
-T-Rex possible just eating killed animals or hunting? Strong backlegs
-dinosaurs also living in water
-Jurrasic:
-Allosaurus (biggest predator)
-no T-Rex!
-long tail to balance body (Diplodocus)
-murge between reptiles and birds (Archeaopteryx)
-Cretaceous:
-biggest dinosaurs (Sauroposeidon)
-too big, needed too much food, too slow, circulatory system problems
-Torosaurus (horns for fighting)
- Dramatic Event: Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event (KT-Boundary)
-took about 1 Million years to kill all dinosaurs
-10km wide
-lots of iridium on earth -> Dust -> all over planet
-no prove for reason for exstiction of dinosaurs
-maybe eco-system collapsed through that?
Era: Cenozoic:
-Mammals
-wulfs
-mammoths
-Pleistocene: ice age: mammoths, early humans, glaciers grew
-Halocene: modern world
- What was the cause for the «oversize» of some animals during Carboniferous?
Lots of oxygen, bigger life-forms could evolve, due breathing systems
- What’s the reason for the typical pattern of stripes in Carboniferous?
Conditions were reversed (glacier, glacial melt, ozeans, swamps, plants, coal seams, cyclic flooding, drying
- Look at the diagram on page 3. Sometimes geologists speak of «The Big Five» but unlike safari game-spotters.
Big 5 mass extinctions
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