Anglais

Dogan Sarah

2130815

How the Britain colonization of Austalian took place and, with which consequences for what we shall call later the stolen generation?

Written documents

1. http://australia.gov.au/about-australia/australian-story/european-discovery-and-colonisation
2. http://www.australianhistory.org/colonisation
3. Extracts of the book «My Place» written by Sally Morgan
4. http://www.nsdc.org.au/stolen-generations/history-of-the-stolen-generations/the-history-of-the-stolen-generations
5. http://stolengenerationstestimonies.com/index.php/testimonies/1021.html

Audio/Video documents

1. The first episode of the serie «The First Australians» created by Rachel Perkins (2008)
2. The movie « Rabbit-Proof Fence » directed by Phillip Noyce (2002)

  To answer the question right away is not possible. One must first wonder what colinization

means. Colinization is the act of colonizing, the etablishment of colonies. The word colonies

is a key word. How could we define this word ? It refers to a region politically controlled by

a distant country, a dependency. The European countries started to colonize countries in the

second half on the 18th century. On my side, I choose to speak about the British colinization

of Australia. But, before speaking about the british colonization of Australia first think is to

understand when and why the British colonized Australia. The British started to colonize the

«New Holland » (Australia was called like that because the first who discovered it was a the

Dutsh navigator Willem Janszoon) in 1788 because in that time Britain knew the

phenomenon of overcrowding and the lost their American colonies. We can wonder how the

colonization tool place in Australia and with which consequences ? Indeed, except the

economic, cultural... consequences I wanted to study specifically the consequences for what

we shall call later the stolen generation.

   To begin with I would underline that the European exploration in order to find the Great

South Land started in 1400 until 1780. Indeed, in 1780 an english lieutnant named James

Cook charted the Australian east coast with his ship called Endeavour. The englishman

claimed the east coast under instruction from the King «on 22 August 1770 at Possession

Island, naming eastern Australia 'New South Wales'» (document 1). In 1786, the British

government decided to «start a convict settlement in the New South Wales » (document 2)  

to take them away from the British territory. The first fleet constituted of  11 ships and more

than hundred people arrived in 1788, this moment marked the beginning of The Australia as

a british colony.  The British never signed an agreement with the Aborigines (around 600

tribes) who were the first australian inhabitants. Initially, «relations between the explorers

and the Aboriginal inhabitants were generally hospitable » (document 1). We can saw that in

the first episode of the serie «First Australians» wherein friendships formed between the two

groups. However, these relations became hostile when the Aborigines realised that they

were expelled from their land and  gothered in reservations. A campaign of resistance

started and the British who used them as labour force started to kill the Aborigines so we

can speak about a genocide. It was in this context that the colonization took place. The

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