PLACES AND FORMS OF POWER

PLACES AND FORMS OF POWER

Introduction

        I will present you the notion « Places and Forms of Power ». The power seems to be the ability to exercise control, authority, an influence on the others. To introduce this notion, it seems necessary to define the terms. Indeed, places could be important institutions that represent the power. This leads us to reflect on how many ethnicities live together under one nation. I will talk about it through the example of Apartheid, in South Africa. In a first time, we will see that South Africain knew a long period of cultural and power conflicts. Then, we will be interested in the various mythical figures of this historical period, such as Nelson Mandela or Breyton Breytenbach. In a last time, we will see how this nation became "the rainbow nation" after these racial conflicts.

Plan

I- Apartheid

        a) Definition

        b) Consequences

        c) Rebellious movements

II- Various mythical figures of this period

        a) Nelson Mandela

        b) Breyton Breytenbach

        c) Nadine Gordimer

III- « The rainbow nation », the biggest African democracy (def Montesquieu)

        a) Appeasement

        b) Rapid technological and social advances

        c) Affirmative action, still one of the most violent countries nowadays + social class conflicts

Conclusion

        Apartheid is therefore a period of conflict between the white inhabitants and the blacks. The policy of apartheid, legalized by the government (exclusively white), therefore establishes inequalities between humans because of their skin color. It is an unequal and discriminating system. It is for this reason that some people raise up against this policy, like Nelson Mandela or Breyton Breytenbach, who have left their names and their struggles in History. Marked by this period, South Africa has learned the lessons of this sad past by becoming a rainbow nation and a real democracy.  However, South Africa is still an unstable country since now are the social classes (very marked and unequal) that are sources of conflict

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